Assessing the Big-5 Model of Personality Essay Example

Assessing the Big Assessing the Big-5 Model of Personality Essay Assessing the Big-5 Model of Personality Essay Introduction This reappraisal discusses the paper presented by Karim, Zamzuri and Nor sing their work associating Internet moralss in an academic scene and the alleged theory Big-5 Model of Personality and how it helps to foretell computing machine usage behavior among pupils in Malaysia. The said survey was a research done on Malayan college pupils associating the Big-5 Model to Internet moralss and entitled, Researching the Relationship between Internet Ethics in University Students and the Big-5 Model of Personality published in Computers and Education which is a peer-reviewed academic diary ( Karim, Zamzuri A ; Nor 2009, p. 86 ) . It is good known that the rapid acceptance of Internet use is increasing in our mundane lives such as in the workplace, in societal networking, in commercialism, in banking and significantly in the academia. The widespread usage of the Internet in schools is furthered along because it is a really valuable tool for the educational procedure such as research for term documents, for illustration. It has been used progressively to advance squad work every bit good, such as college pupils given some assignments that require group work and close coordination among the members. The rapid usage of the Internet has besides engendered many unethical patterns today such as duplicity, plagiarism, straight-out disproof and fudging by informations by the pupils. There is clearly a demand to joint a set of ethical behaviors to forestall such patterns going widespread and entrenched in pupil behavior. Although the survey s writers had done an admirable occupation in suggesting the usage of the prognostic Big 5 Model in an academic scene, the survey has some defects which can be best addressed in future surveies to be undertaken by other similarly-inclined research workers and hopefully use the findings in other scenes as good. Discussion Article Summary The survey being critiqued here concerns the consequences of a study ( self-report ) done on 5 different college sections in the International Islamic University of Malaysia ( IIUM ) . The pupils in this public university were made to reply a questionnaire that links the extent to which these pupils engaged in unethical behavior with respects to their Internet use. The entire figure of student-respondents was 270 but merely 252 returned filled-out signifiers were really utile for the intents of this survey and the balance of 18 responses discarded ( ibid. p. 88 ) . The whole point of this survey which is rather pioneering in its novel usage of the Big 5 Model is how unethical Internet behavior can be faithfully predicted based on the five factors of personality or traits that sociologists term as amenity, conscientiousness, emotional stableness, extra-version and rational openness. The usage of this Big 5 Model is documented rather good in other surveies related to ot her Fieldss such as concern direction and consumer behavior purchasing forms and determination devising. This survey by Karim et Al. is an effort to make full out some identified research spreads. As of now, there is a dearth of research literature that had specifically linked the Big 5 traits to existent unethical behavior sing Internet usage. It is even more important that this survey is one of the first of its sort to associate the Big 5 Model to a few identified specific unethical behavior in a tertiary-level academic scene. With the menace of a deadline for entry of a term paper, for illustration, pupils are at great force per unit area to bring forth some quality academic work end product. This force per unit area has frequently lead to unethical behavior like plagiarism, deceitful usage of printed stuffs and even manipulating a set of informations by either changing the consequences slightly or wholly fabricating a false set of informations. The writers of this survey set out to find the extent or prevalence ( how widespread ) are the identified unethical behavior among Malayan college pupils sing Internet usage and if there is a nexus between those and the Big 5 Model to be able to reliably foretell them. The article reviewed here first gave some background on why unethical behavior in Internet usage has become rather common. Among grounds cited by the writers are advantages of utilizing the Internet like its easiness of usage and its widespread handiness with people and pupils now holding entree to cheaper Internet connexions. Experts consider Internet handiness as a blessing instead than a curse, particularly in an academic scene where much research work is being done. Entree to informations and other valuable beginnings of information and resource stuffs is made executable with Internet engineering ( Laurence A ; Miller 2000, p. 110 ) . The assorted unethical behaviors are termed by the survey writers as ITAD or Internet of this slowdown is in bioethics which struggled with the morality of root cell research utilizing embryo-destruction techniques ( Hug 2006, p. 111 ) and had a difficult clip specifying what constitutes a human being from the start of fertilisation, the fertilized ovum. In the same manner, Internet engineering has far outpaced the development of a set of the basic criterion codification of behavior that will hopefully steer all single Internet users. When a deadline for entry of a important academic paper is looming, the sense of urgency and immediateness now acquires an exigency position for pupils caught in state of affairss no different from Alzheimer s and Parkinson s sick persons who are impatient with all blowy moral statements about the moral properness of stem-cell research ( Ponnuru 2006, p. 160 ) . Students are more than probably to prosecute in unethical behavior to be able to go through the paper on clip. It is safe to presume that the fright of penalty when caught is now instilled in pupils heads due to the usage of electronic plagiarism sensing package such as Turnitin and CopyScape. But a more distressing issue is the deficiency of a comprehensive set of cyber-ethics that will instil values and guidelines about proper usage of the Internet as an academic resource as told by the writers. A Few Critical Issues in the Paper The writers of this paper claimed that the most common academic wickednesss connected with Internet usage are duplicity, disproof, plagiarism, delinquency and unauthorised aid. But within the same paragraph, they besides point as a confining factor of their survey the deficiency of more comprehensive correlativity analysis between these common wickednesss and the factors that may hold facilitated their committee such as single features, equal force per unit area and institutional policies ( or the deficiency thereof which is the instance with some universities ) . The writers should hold done a correlativity analysis on this relationship because it had someway detracted the cogency of their findings. Their failure to insulate these variable factors had impinged on whether the Big 5 Model is truly valid and replicable in other experiments with respects to the nexus between unethical Internet behavior and personality traits. There is another determina tion that I found a spot upseting or to state the least, rather confounding and this pertains to the profile of the study respondents. The writers of this survey had a 70 % female composing of respondents and merely 30 % are males. A different set of demographics in which females comprise two-thirds of the respondents does non in any detract from some of their decisions. However, presuming that their usage associating the Big 5 Model is right with respect to Internet behavior, so this survey at best has some skewed consequences. This is because it conflicts with an earlier survey done by Szabo A ; Underwood ( 2004 ) demoing an dismaying prevalence of the deviant behavior among males alternatively of females. The writers should hold clarified on this farther to avoid confounding their readers about some of their decisions. However, viewed on decisions that agreeableness, conscientiousness and emotional stableness are significantly reciprocally correlated to unethical Internet behavi or, so it someway makes sense because females are more fearful of acquiring caught and terrible effects of prosecuting in such deviant behavior than males. The writers acknowledged that the Big 5 Model is correlated positively with a figure of factors such as single public presentation, civilization, ethical behavior, profoundly held values and beliefs every bit good as the sense of morality ( Rawwas A ; Isakson 2000, p. 325 ) . These three writers further claimed in their survey that single differences sing the Big 5 Model that took into history certain fluctuations in civilization are rather stable or robust and therefore every bit valid or applicable with respects to their findings utilizing Malayan pupils. However, about in the same vena, they besides disclaimed that this is true by saying the consequences of their survey could be rather alone to the Malayan academic environment merely. This contradicts earlier claims that the Big 5 Model is applicable across assorted civilizat ions. Although they clarified on it with a caution, the writers still need to do a categorical base on this. Overall, I agree with their decision that amenity and conscientiousness are two factors that faithfully predict pupils antipathy to prosecuting in unethical Internet behavior but I find this to be a spot axiomatic. They besides stated that extra-version and rational openness are non strongly correlated which struggles with their hypotheses ( H1 and H5 in their paper ) . Decision Of all the wickednesss pupils are likely to perpetrate, it is likely plagiarism. This academic misdemeanor is non truly a condemnable offense but still pupils sometimes commit it accidentally or inadvertently because of the displacement in educational direction, from giving unwritten presentations of assignments to faculty and replaced by demands of written documents ( Simmons 1999, p. 41 ) . The survey writers suggest that ethical behavior is related to positive personality traits and if taken together with applied psychological science rules can be used to plan a comprehensive set of computing machine or cyber-ethics that can be integrated to the present course of study. An interesting manner to maximise the usage of Large 5 Model in Internet moralss will be to utilize a longitudinal survey that tracks the same people similar to a 4-year survey that detects a form ( Beauvais et al. 2007 ) .

Exam 1, incarceration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Exam 1, incarceration - Essay Example In a diverse society, it is the responsibility of all members to respect and value the interests of all individuals regardless of their gender, ethnicity, age, appearance, citizenship, employment, social status, sexual orientation, invisible and visible disabilities, language, race, religion, marital status and gender identity (Wilson, Gallagher & MacKenzie, 2000). Social diversity is critical in shaping contemporary correlation practices and activities. Social diversity enhances mutual correlation between clients and service providers. Secondly, social diversity influences correctional tread and general population growth and structure. Social diversity facilitates mutual interaction between people from different social and cultural backgrounds. Apart from enhancing mutual interaction between individuals from different cultural backgrounds, social diversity is extremely essential in enhancing a multicultural society. Most modern societies are composed of individual from different cultural settings. This is specifically the case in metropolitan settings. Finally, social diversity is very essential in determining the functioning and structures of correlation programs, institutions and facilities. The three-strike laws are statutes that were enacted by United States of America government. The statutes gave powers to the country’s courts to impose severe sanctions to individuals who are convicted of three or more criminal offenses. Under general circumstances, only individuals who have committed serious felonies are subjected to severe punishment. However, under three-strike laws, the magnitude of the punishment will depend on the seriousness of the felony. Prison sentences were also expected to range from a minimum of 25 years to a maximum of life imprisonment (Zimring, Hawkins & Kamin, 2001). A part from increasing imprisonment period, three-strike law also limits offenders’

Legalizing marijuana Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Legalizing marijuana - Essay Example Yes, marijuana can make you crazy so legalizing it is wrong. We can cite the country of Jamaica, one of the largest producer of marijuana in the developing world where marijuana is very common. And if we think that authorities approve marijuana there, you are very wrong. Marijuana is one of the main culprit of the countless number of adolescents who committed petty crimes having police records early (Campbell, 2013). Marijuana makes a youngster susceptible to crime because it impairs one’s judgment. Or in short, you cannot think straight when you are in the influence of cannabis. Worst, if you like it too much and you do not have money to buy it because you are only a student, you will either sell things or steal. And worst, if police catches you, you will end up in jail and have police record early affecting your future because it will be hard to find a job if one has a police record. School will also likely to kick you out if you have a criminal record for stealing because of marijuana. Campbell, Dayton. "Legalising Marijuana Would Be Wrong - Columns."Â  Jamaica Observer News. 22 Sept. 2013. Web. 9 Nov. 2014.

Health Risks of Genetically-Modified Foods Essay Example for Free

Health Risks of Genetically-Modified Foods Essay Genetically modified (GM) foods, introduced to the American Public in 1996, involves taking the genes of the DNA of one plant or animal and transferring them to another species creating a new organism. Justification for this scientific manipulation revealed promises to eliminate world hunger, make plants resistant to pests and disease, and produce healthier foods. Agribusiness giants, like Monsanto, Bayer, and Syngenta include some of the companies first to bring products to the market. The Federal Drug Administration (FDA) took the stance, that it is the food producer responsible for assuring food safety. Companies producing GM foods ultimately regulate themselves. These companies kept their research secret and not available for public scrutiny. Insufficient data illustrate the need for ongoing exploration by independent scientists to deem the products safe for human consumption. Jeffrey M. Smith discussed these issues in his book, Genetic Roulette: The Documented Health Risks of Geneically Engineered Foods. GM of certain crops cause them to produce their own insecticide. A research study not performed by the manufacturer, involved GM potatoes fed to rats. They developed potentially precancerous cell growth in the digestive tract, inhibited development of their brains, livers, and testicles, partial atrophy of the liver, enlarged pancreases and intestines, and immune system damage (Smith 22). Additional information is warranted clarifying the exact cause. Another study revealed Monsantos MON 863 Bt corn fed to rats produced significant changes in their blood cells, livers, and kidneys which might indicate disease (Smith 26). Monsanto defends their GM corn as safe and deems it unnecessary to pursue further testing. No research conducted to date and the corn gained approval. Government and big industries continue with the development, endorsement and marketing of GM foods despite the potential health warnings. Study after study cited in Genetic Roulette by Jeffrey M. Smith , reveal health problems from every body system and even death. One investigations proved given a choice, animals would not eat GM foods. Rats that would not eat the GM tomatoes were force fed the tomato through a gastric tube. Several developed stomach lesions and seven of the forty died. The GM of the DNA of species results in widespread mutations. Soy allergies skyrocketed after the introduction of GM soy. Over half of the processed foods in the supermarket contain something made from soy. GM peas generated an allergic-inflammatory response. With some of the GM crops that produce their own insecticide, the fear of creating super weeds exists. The United States and Canada do not have GM labeling requirements (Smith 257). Exposing millions of people to unpredictable dangers of GM foods represents playing roulette. â€Å"The connections between the FDA and large agribusiness corporations are disturbing† (Teitel, Wilson 69). Large contributors to the Democratic and Republican parties include Monsanto and others. These companies employ trade and environmental administrators and government appointees in lucrative positions.

Why I Live at the P.O. Essay -- Literary Analysis, Eudora Welty

Why I live at the P.O. was written by Eudora Welty in 1941. Sister, the first person narrator, who is a flat character in the story, causes external conflicts within her family as a result of her inner-conflicts. Such as lack of self-confidence and a demanding need to be the center of attention. Due to the conflicts she deals with inside herself, she is driven to move out of her family’s home and into the post office. In the beginning of the story the reader has sympathy for Sister due to the conflicts that are going on, but later on in the story we start to see that these conflicts were perpetuated by Sister herself. As this occurs the story takes on a comedic aspect from the view of the reader, and we lose our sympathy for Sister. Sister lives in China Grove, Mississippi presumably a very small town with only a few occupants. She lives with her mother, grandfather and uncle in their home, being the center of attention for the duration of the time until her younger sister, Stella-Rondo returns home. The return of Stella-Rondo sparks a conflict with Sister immediately because Sister is obviously envious of her and has been even before she came back to China Grove. The reader gets clear evidence of Sister’s jealousy toward Stella-Rondo when Sister says â€Å"She’s always had anything in the world she wanted and then she’d throw it away.†(594). Clearly Sister has a predisposition toward Stella-Rondo returning for many reasons, and this is the beginning of the conflict that she begins to have with herself. Stella-Rondo returns to the house with a child during the middle of dinner, and Sister is feeling greatly offended by this and shows us her arrogance and dismay that she’s losing the center of attention when she says â€Å"There I was o... ...ly marking the time, in hopes that a member of her family will come to the post office and beg for her return as she states in, â€Å"And if Stella-Rondo should come to me this minute, on bended knees, and attempt to explain the incidents of her life†¦I’d simply put my fingers in both my ears and refuse to listen.†(602). It is clear to the reader that Sister is hoping that Stella-Rondo will come for her in hopes giving her the attention she is longing for. Throughout the story, it has been Sister who has tried to persuade the reader to take her side in the debacle with her family. The truth is that it was Sister who caused the entire dispute that is going on with her obsession to compete with her sister that goes back to her childhood where she feels that Stella-Rondo is spoiled and continues to be spoiled up to the end following Sister’s desperate need for attention. Why I Live at the P.O. Essay -- Literary Analysis, Eudora Welty Why I live at the P.O. was written by Eudora Welty in 1941. Sister, the first person narrator, who is a flat character in the story, causes external conflicts within her family as a result of her inner-conflicts. Such as lack of self-confidence and a demanding need to be the center of attention. Due to the conflicts she deals with inside herself, she is driven to move out of her family’s home and into the post office. In the beginning of the story the reader has sympathy for Sister due to the conflicts that are going on, but later on in the story we start to see that these conflicts were perpetuated by Sister herself. As this occurs the story takes on a comedic aspect from the view of the reader, and we lose our sympathy for Sister. Sister lives in China Grove, Mississippi presumably a very small town with only a few occupants. She lives with her mother, grandfather and uncle in their home, being the center of attention for the duration of the time until her younger sister, Stella-Rondo returns home. The return of Stella-Rondo sparks a conflict with Sister immediately because Sister is obviously envious of her and has been even before she came back to China Grove. The reader gets clear evidence of Sister’s jealousy toward Stella-Rondo when Sister says â€Å"She’s always had anything in the world she wanted and then she’d throw it away.†(594). Clearly Sister has a predisposition toward Stella-Rondo returning for many reasons, and this is the beginning of the conflict that she begins to have with herself. Stella-Rondo returns to the house with a child during the middle of dinner, and Sister is feeling greatly offended by this and shows us her arrogance and dismay that she’s losing the center of attention when she says â€Å"There I was o... ...ly marking the time, in hopes that a member of her family will come to the post office and beg for her return as she states in, â€Å"And if Stella-Rondo should come to me this minute, on bended knees, and attempt to explain the incidents of her life†¦I’d simply put my fingers in both my ears and refuse to listen.†(602). It is clear to the reader that Sister is hoping that Stella-Rondo will come for her in hopes giving her the attention she is longing for. Throughout the story, it has been Sister who has tried to persuade the reader to take her side in the debacle with her family. The truth is that it was Sister who caused the entire dispute that is going on with her obsession to compete with her sister that goes back to her childhood where she feels that Stella-Rondo is spoiled and continues to be spoiled up to the end following Sister’s desperate need for attention. Why I Live at the P.O. Essay -- Literary Analysis, Eudora Welty Why I live at the P.O. was written by Eudora Welty in 1941. Sister, the first person narrator, who is a flat character in the story, causes external conflicts within her family as a result of her inner-conflicts. Such as lack of self-confidence and a demanding need to be the center of attention. Due to the conflicts she deals with inside herself, she is driven to move out of her family’s home and into the post office. In the beginning of the story the reader has sympathy for Sister due to the conflicts that are going on, but later on in the story we start to see that these conflicts were perpetuated by Sister herself. As this occurs the story takes on a comedic aspect from the view of the reader, and we lose our sympathy for Sister. Sister lives in China Grove, Mississippi presumably a very small town with only a few occupants. She lives with her mother, grandfather and uncle in their home, being the center of attention for the duration of the time until her younger sister, Stella-Rondo returns home. The return of Stella-Rondo sparks a conflict with Sister immediately because Sister is obviously envious of her and has been even before she came back to China Grove. The reader gets clear evidence of Sister’s jealousy toward Stella-Rondo when Sister says â€Å"She’s always had anything in the world she wanted and then she’d throw it away.†(594). Clearly Sister has a predisposition toward Stella-Rondo returning for many reasons, and this is the beginning of the conflict that she begins to have with herself. Stella-Rondo returns to the house with a child during the middle of dinner, and Sister is feeling greatly offended by this and shows us her arrogance and dismay that she’s losing the center of attention when she says â€Å"There I was o... ...ly marking the time, in hopes that a member of her family will come to the post office and beg for her return as she states in, â€Å"And if Stella-Rondo should come to me this minute, on bended knees, and attempt to explain the incidents of her life†¦I’d simply put my fingers in both my ears and refuse to listen.†(602). It is clear to the reader that Sister is hoping that Stella-Rondo will come for her in hopes giving her the attention she is longing for. Throughout the story, it has been Sister who has tried to persuade the reader to take her side in the debacle with her family. The truth is that it was Sister who caused the entire dispute that is going on with her obsession to compete with her sister that goes back to her childhood where she feels that Stella-Rondo is spoiled and continues to be spoiled up to the end following Sister’s desperate need for attention.

Discuss factors and attitudes influencing eating behaviour Essay

There are many factors and attitudes, which can have a major influence over an individual’s eating behaviour, such as mood, cultural factors or even their parents. Mood can have a major influence over an individual’s eating behaviour. It has been suggested that someone who over eats or under eats, may be suffering from Depression, and they use their eating behaviour as a way of masking their negative mood. It has also been shown that being in a low mood state can result in the desire to eat sweet or starchy foods. This is said to be because carbohydrates help the manufacture of serotonin (neurotransmitter associated with mood). Consuming high carb foods can also be used as a way of self-medicating an individual’s low mood. Verplanken et al (2005) conducted a correlational analysis on mood, impulse buying and the consumption of snacks. In this study, it was found that those with low self-esteem were more likely to impulse buy and consume snacks. It could be said that this is their way of coping with the emotional distress caused by low-self esteem. Therefore supporting the idea that an individual’s mood can influence their eating behaviour. However, as this was a correlational study, cause and effect can not be established. It may be that impulse buying causes a lowered mood. Social Learning Theory places emphasis on the impact that observing other people (i. e. our peers) has on our personal attitudes and behaviour. Our eating behaviours and attitudes to food, can be down to observing the behaviour of our parents. Parental attitudes towards food inevitably affect children because they control the food bought and served in the household. However, research has also shown an association between parents’ and children’s attitudes towards food generally. For example, Brown and Ogden (2004), reported consistent correlations between parents and their children, in terms of snack food intake, eating motivations and also body dissatisfaction. Our attitudes and eating behaviour can also be effected by influences from our peers. A study supporting this theory was conducted by Meyer and Gast (2008) who surveyed 10-12 year old girls and boys, and found a significant positive correlation between peer influence an disordered eating. The ‘likeability’ of peers was considered the most important factor in this relationship. One criticism of the Social Learning Theory is that it focuses solely on learning eating behaviours through observation of others. It fails to take into account biological and evolutionary factors which can also have a major influence over our attitudes towards food and our eating behaviours. Another factor which can have an influence over an individuals eating behaviour, is cultural influences. Research carried out by Bally and Kenardy, examined the eating habits of women in Australia, they specifically focussed on a group aged between 18 to 23. From this study, they found that the longer the women spent in Australia, the more likely they were to alter their attitudes towards eating in a similar way to women born in Australia. This is known as ‘acculturation’. This research strongly suggests that eating behaviour is learnt and is therefore linked to the behavioural model. However, similar to the Social Learning Theory, this fails to take into account biological reasons for eating habits or why some disorders such as Anorexia, can be heredity. As well as this, the research can also be said to be reductionist as it was only set in Australia therefore, the results can not be generalised to the wider population. Also, another criticism of this study, is that it is gender biased, as it only looked at women, rather than looking at the eating behaviours of both sexes. Further studies linked to this imply that, body dissatisfaction is a characteristic of white women rather than black/asian women. However, evidence from Mumford et al goes against this. Mumford et al found that bulimia was more common amongst Asian school girls than their white counterparts. This therefore questions whether the ethnicity of an individual plays a role in our eating behaviour.

Sex Education A Part Of American Culture - 1566 Words

Introduction For decades, sex education in US public schools has been a debatable issue for a minority of people (Shindel Parish, 2013). Healthcare workers insist that with a rise in sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies among teenagers, sex education is desperately needed in school. On the other hand, there are some parents and other citizens who strongly believe that sex education is something that parents should be teaching to their children. These individuals feel that sex education courses in schools do not place adequate emphasis on abstinence. In addition, introducing children to sex education may also encourage them to experiment with sex at an early age. However, what these opposing parents and individuals forget is that in the last 2 decades, there has been a renaissance in sex. With the advent of the internet, almost anyone can easily access pornography and almost any type of sexual activity on cyberspace. Sex is now a part of American culture. 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